高中英语句子成分分析1

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1、句子成分 主语主语 subject 谓语谓语 predicate 宾语宾语 object 表语表语 predicative 宾补宾补 complement 定语定语 attribute 状语状语 adverbial 同位语同位语 appositive1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主语语谓谓语语定定语语宾宾语语同同位位语语状状语语主语主语 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see

2、 is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.主语主语: 可以作主语的成分有名词可以作主语的成分有名词, 主格代词主格代词,动词动词不定式不定式, 动名词等等。主语一般在句首。动名词等等。主语一般在句首。名词名词主格代词主格代词数词数词动词不定式动词不定式动名词动名词the + 形形容词容词句子句子1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more pop

3、ular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. （名词）（名词）（代词）（代词）（数词）（数词）（不定式）（不定式）（动名词）（动名词）（名词化的形容词）（名词化的形容词）7.When we are going to have an Eng

4、lish test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.（主语从句）（主语从句）（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）谓语 谓语谓语: 简单谓语由动词简单谓语由动词或动词词组或动词词组构成构成, 一般在主语之后。一般在主语之后。 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词由情态动词或助动词+动词动词; He can spe

5、ak English well. She has finished the homework. 1. The sun rose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. Who knows the answer? 6. He has refused to help them. 7. He enjoys reading. 8. He said Good morning. I like my job.I love you.He wanted to leave here.Th

6、ey enjoyed playing computer games.He asked where he was.（三）宾语（三）宾语宾语：动作的接受者，一般在谓语后宾语：动作的接受者，一般在谓语后面面 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指直接宾语指物物,间接宾语指人间接宾语指人. He gave me some books.间接间接宾语宾语直接直接宾语宾语Please pass me the book.He bought me some flowers. 下列动词只能接下列动词只能接不定式不定式做宾语做宾语 ask, agree, care, choose, dem

7、and, dare, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, desire等，如：等，如： He refused to lend me his bike. 下列动词只能接下列动词只能接动名词动名词做宾语做宾语 admit, avoid, advise, consider, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, imagine, mind, practise, suggest等，如：等，如： Jo

8、hn has admitted breaking the window .(四)宾语补足语宾语补足语 宾语补足语宾语补足语: 位于位于宾语之后宾语之后对宾语作出说明对宾语作出说明的成分。的成分。 I found the book interesting. Do you hear Tom singing? He made himself understood. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret.形容词形容词

9、现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词不定式动词不定式介词短语介词短语副词副词名词名词(五)定语定语 He is a clever boy. They are building a stone bridge. There are 54 students in our class. Do you known Bettys sister? He bought some sleeping pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. I met a friend on my way home.(形容词形容词)(

10、名词名词)(数词数词)(名词的所有格名词的所有格)(动名词动名词)(现在分词现在分词)(过去分词过去分词)(副词副词)The girl in red is his sister.We have a lot of work to do.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.Do you know the man who spoke just now?There is nothing interesting in this book.（六）状语（六）状语 用于修饰形容词用于修饰形容词,副词副词,动词动词,介词短语介词短语或句子或句子.可表

11、示时间可表示时间,地点地点,原因原因,结果结果,目的目的,方式方式,伴随伴随,条件条件,程度程度,让步让步,频频率等率等. I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that he missed the train.9种状语种类如下：种状语种类如下： 1. How about meeting again at six?2.Last night she didnt go to the dance party