现在分词讲解 PPT 可演示

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1、 现在分词用法归纳现在分词用法归纳 modified by lexv一、现在分词的结构v二、现在分词的结构含义v三、现在分词的句法功能v四、独立主格结构v五、现在分词的主动表被动含义知识提纲知识提纲 主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式doingdoingbeing donebeing done完成式完成式having donehaving donehaving been having been donedone否定式否定式 ：在现在分词的前面直接加：在现在分词的前面直接加not v1.现在分词的主动式的一般式和完成式。一般式用来指和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为；完成式（havi

2、ng + 过去分词）用来指在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如：vBeing a student, he was interested in books. vHaving studied in university for 3 years, he knows the way very well. 二、现在分词的结构含义二、现在分词的结构含义v2.现在分词的被动式的一般式和完成式。当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时，分词用被动语式；如果强调分词的动作先于谓语的动作，就用分词完成式被动形式。如：vThe question being discussed is important. vHaving

3、 been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking. v【注注】：being done 不能作状语v having been done 不能作定语v分词不管充当什么成分，都和所修饰的名词或者分词不管充当什么成分，都和所修饰的名词或者代词或者句子的主语形成主谓关系。代词或者句子的主语形成主谓关系。v1.作定语作定语v分词短语作定语时，分词短语放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。相当于定语从句。如：vThe man standing by the windows is our teacher. （standin

4、g 和所修饰的man形成主谓关系）vIn the following years he worked even harder. 三、现在分词的句法功能三、现在分词的句法功能 who is standing by the windows In the years that followed 【注注】分词作前置定语分词作前置定语(不同含义）不同含义） 1.下列由动词变成形容词化的分词表达不同的含义。下列由动词变成形容词化的分词表达不同的含义。V-ing表示他表示他人他物令人感到怎么样。人他物令人感到怎么样。V-ed本身自己感到怎么样本身自己感到怎么样。 interesting , interest

5、ed ;exciting, excited; annoying, annoyed; amazing, amazed; amusing, amused ; astonishing, astonished; boring, bored; confusing, confused; disappointing, disappointed; encouraging, encouraged; embarrassing, embarrassed ; frightening, frightened; inspiring, inspired He had a _ (terrifying, terrified)

6、look in his eyes. The boy answered in a _ (frightening, frightened) voice. terrifiedfrightened His son was . The old man felt unhappy. His son was , so he regretted not having prepared much for the test. 2. 2.有些形容词化的分词表到不同的含义。有些形容词化的分词表到不同的含义。V-ingV-ing表示动作正在进行。表示动作正在进行。V-edV-ed表示动作已完成，不表被动。表示动作已完成，

7、不表被动。 rising/risen, rising/risen, falling/fallen, falling/fallen, developing /developeddeveloping /developed , , changing/ changed, changing/ changed, fading /fadedfading /faded, boiled/ , boiled/ boiling ,boiling ,drowning/ drowneddrowning/ drowned China is a China is a developingdeveloping country

8、. ( country. (发展中的发展中的) ) America is a America is a developeddeveloped country. country. （发达的）（发达的） disappointingdisappointedboiling waterboiled waterfading flowers faded flowersa drowning mana drowned man falling leavesfallen leavesa retired workeran escaped prisonerreturned students 正在沸腾的正在沸腾的已经沸腾

9、过的已经沸腾过的正在凋谢的正在凋谢的已经凋谢的已经凋谢的快要淹死的快要淹死的已经淹死的已经淹死的正在飘落的树叶正在飘落的树叶落落 叶叶退休工人退休工人逃犯逃犯 归国留学生归国留学生分词作定语相当于定语从句分词作定语相当于定语从句(1).The boy sitting under that tree is my brother. The boy who is sitting under that tree is my brother.I know the people building the house there.I know the people who are building the

10、house there The building completed last month is a bank The building that was completed last month is a bank The house being built over there is a shop. 被动,正在建 The house that is being built over there is a shop.The house built over there is a shop. （被动、已建好）The house that is built over there is a sho

11、p.v2 作表语。如：作表语。如：vThe news is inspiring.v3.作宾语补足语。如：作宾语补足语。如：vWe saw the teacher making the experiment. v注意：在注意：在see，hear，watch，fell，observe，have，notice等动词后，既可以用现在分词构成复合宾语，也等动词后，既可以用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可以用不定式构成复合宾语，但两者的含义是有区别的，可以用不定式构成复合宾语，但两者的含义是有区别的，用现在分词，表示动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中，用现在分词，表示动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束）