高中英语定语从句全面详细讲解.docx

定语从句
一定义及相关术语
.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。
.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when,
where, why 等
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
注意：弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句、选择好关系词的关键。
关系代词引导的定语从句
who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
正在踢足球的男孩是一
昨天我帮助了一位迷
那就是教我们物理的
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 班的。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 老师。
whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替。
李明正是我想要见的男孩。
你正在等的教授已经来了。
老师经常表扬的那个女
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see.
The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come.
The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 孩是我们的班长。
which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.他喜欢夕卜国作家
写的书。
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
that指人时，相当于 who或whom；指物时，相当于 which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语
He is the man that/who lives next door.
Where is the man (that/whom) I saw
The person (that/whom) you introduced
时常可省略。
他就是住在隔壁的那个人。
this morning?我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？
to me is very kind.你介绍给我的那个人很友
好。
The season that/which comes after spring is summer