4租船运输实务与法律-航次租船合同

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1、航次(hngc)租船合同标准格式 干散货船Gencon 1974/1994 金康格式(g shi) 油船ASBATANKVOYBPVOYSHELLVOY第一页，共一百六十七页。航次航次(hngc)租船合同的主要法律问租船合同的主要法律问题一题一预备预备(ybi)航次航次Preliminary Voyage第二页，共一百六十七页。航次(hngc)租船合同的四个阶段卸货Discharging履行航次Performance装货Loading 预备航次Preliminary Voyage第三页，共一百六十七页。预备(ybi)航次 实务中，航次租船合同订立之后船舶(chunb)即在装货港准备装货的情况几

2、乎没有。 承租人一般都面临着买卖合同下装货的截止日期的压力 承租人希望清楚的知道什么时候可以装货第四页，共一百六十七页。预备(ybi)航次 如果船舶比承租人预期的时间延迟抵达，如此承租人 可能需要支付(zhf)额外的储藏货物的费用(Storage Cost) 可能错过买卖合同约定的装货日期第五页，共一百六十七页。预备(ybi)航次 在绝大多数的航次租船合同中都会约定 船东应该给承租人一个可预期装船时间(Expected Ready to Load Date) 船舶必须合理尽速前往装货港(合理速遣Reasonable Despatch) 如果船舶在约定的时间不能抵达，承租人有权取消合同(Canc

3、el the Contract) 受载期LAYCAN: Layday and Cancelling Day 船舶在受载期内抵达装货港，承租人无权(w qun)取消合同；船舶在销约日届满还未抵达，承租人有权取消合同承租人在取消合同的同时，还有可能有可能(may)可以索赔损失(Claim Damages)第六页，共一百六十七页。预备(ybi)航次Clause 5 of ASBATANKVOY“Should the vessel not be ready to load by 4 oclock p.m. (local time) on the cancelling date stipulated i

4、n Part I, the charterer shall have the option of cancelling this charter by giving owner notice of such cancellation within twenty-four (24) hours after such cancellation date; otherwise the charter to remain in full force and effect. 第七页，共一百六十七页。预备(ybi)航次Clause 9(a) of GENCON 1994 “Should the vesse

5、l not be ready to load (whether in berth or not) on or before the date indicated in Box 21, the Charterers have the option of cancelling this Charterparty.第八页，共一百六十七页。预备(ybi)航次销约权的行使 只要船舶没有在约定的时间抵达(dd)，承租人就有权取消合同，不管船舶无法抵达(dd)的原因是什么 即使船舶不能按时抵达已经是明显的事实，但是承租人依旧不能在约定的销约期前取消合同，除非合同中另有约定。第九页，共一百六十七页。预备航次(

6、hngc)销约权的行使 SHELLVOY 6, Clause 11 (c) “As soon as Owners become aware that the vessel will not be ready to load by noon on the termination date Owners will give notice to the Charterers declaring a new readiness to load date and ask Charterers to elect whether to or not to terminate this Charter.Wit

7、hin 4 days after such notice Charterers shall either:(i) declare this Charter terminated: or(ii) confirm a revised set of laydays.: or(iii) agree a new set of laydays or an extension to the laydays mutually acceptable to Owners and Charterers.第十页，共一百六十七页。预备(ybi)航次销约权的行使GENCON 94, Clause 9 (b) “Shoul

8、d the Owners anticipate that, despite the exercise of due diligence, the Vessel will not be ready to load by the cancelling date, they shall notify the Charterers thereof without delay stating the expected date of the Vessels readiness to load and asking whether the Charterers will exercise their op

9、tion of cancelling the Charterparty, or agree to a new cancelling date. Such option must be declared by the Charterers within 48 running hours after the receipt of the Owners notice, if the Charterers do not exercise their option of cancelling, then this Charterparty shall be deemed to be amended su

10、ch that the seventh day after the new readiness date stated in the Owners notification to the Charterers shall be the new cancelling date. The provisions of sub-clauses (b) of this clause shall operate only once, and in case of the Vessels further delay, the Charterers shall have the option of cance

11、lling the Charterparty as per sub-clause (a) of this Clause.第十一页，共一百六十七页。预备航次(hngc)销约权的行使 销约权必须(bx)在合同约定的时间内行使，如果没有约定，如此必须(bx)在合理时间内行使。如果不行使，销约权即告丧失。 如果承租人不行使销约权，或者销约权丧失，那么租船合同效力不受影响，承租人必须履行合同义务，例如，装货(The obligation to have a cargo available at the place of loading is of fundamental importance)。第十二页